Answer

To freeze selected panes in Excel, place the active cell immediately below the row and to the right of the column that must remain visible, then apply the Freeze Panes command from the View tab.

What does Freeze Panes do in Excel?

Freeze Panes keeps specific rows and columns visible while the rest of the worksheet scrolls. This feature is used to maintain headers, labels, or key identifiers in view when working with large datasets.

Where is Freeze Panes located in Excel?

Freeze Panes is located on the View tab of the Excel ribbon, inside the Window group.

How to freeze selected rows and columns at the same time?

To freeze selected rows and columns at the same time, position the active cell correctly, then apply Freeze Panes.

Steps (Windows)

1. Click the cell directly below the last row to freeze.

2. Click the cell directly to the right of the last column to freeze.

3. Open the View tab.

4. Select Freeze Panes.

5. Click Freeze Panes from the dropdown.

Rows above the active cell freeze. Columns to the left of the active cell freeze.

Steps (MacBook)

1. Click the cell directly below the last row to freeze.

2. Click the cell directly to the right of the last column to freeze.

3. Open the View tab.

4. Select Freeze Panes.

5. Click Freeze Panes.

The behavior matches the Windows version, though the menu layout appears more compact on MacBook.

How to freeze only the top row?

To freeze only the top row in Excel, use the built-in Top Row command.

Steps

1. Open the View tab.

2. Select Freeze Panes.

3. Click Freeze Top Row.

Row 1 remains visible during vertical scrolling.

How to freeze only the first column?

To freeze only the first column in Excel, use the built-in First Column command.

Steps

1. Open the View tab.

2. Select Freeze Panes.

3. Click Freeze First Column.

Column A remains visible during horizontal scrolling.

Can Excel freeze panes based on a selected range?

No. Excel freezes panes based on the active cell position, not a selected range. The active cell defines the boundary for frozen rows and columns.

How to unfreeze panes in Excel?

To unfreeze panes in Excel, remove the freeze setting from the View tab.

Steps

1. Open the View tab.

2. Select Freeze Panes.

3. Click Unfreeze Panes.

All rows and columns return to normal scrolling behavior.

What are common mistakes when freezing panes?

Incorrectly placing the active cell causes unintended rows or columns to freeze. Merged cells in header areas prevent Freeze Panes from applying correctly. Split panes must be removed before Freeze Panes can be used.

Do Freeze Panes affect printing or formulas?

No. Freeze Panes only changes on-screen navigation. Printing behavior, formulas, calculations, and cell references remain unchanged.

Is Freeze Panes available in all Excel versions?

Yes. Freeze Panes is available in Excel desktop versions for Windows and MacBook. The feature is not supported in Excel for the web.

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