Answer

To freeze a row in Excel, use the Freeze Panes feature to keep a selected row visible while scrolling through the worksheet.

Freeze the Top Row

The top row is frozen by default using a dedicated command.

1. Open the worksheet.

2. Select the View tab on the Ribbon.

3. Select Freeze Panes.

4. Select Freeze Top Row.

The first row remains visible while scrolling vertically.

Freeze a Specific Row

A specific row is frozen by positioning the selection correctly.

1. Select the row directly below the row that must stay visible.

2. Select the View tab on the Ribbon.

3. Select Freeze Panes.

4. Select Freeze Panes from the dropdown.

All rows above the selected row remain visible during vertical scrolling.

Freeze Multiple Rows

Multiple rows are frozen by selecting the correct reference row.

1. Select the row directly below the last row that must stay visible.

2. Select the View tab.

3. Select Freeze Panes.

4. Select Freeze Panes.

Every row above the selected row stays fixed.

Unfreeze Rows

Frozen rows are removed using the same menu.

1. Select the View tab.

2. Select Freeze Panes.

3. Select Unfreeze Panes.

The worksheet returns to normal scrolling behavior.

Windows and Mac Differences

The command names are identical across platforms.
The Ribbon layout differs slightly.

• Windows: Freeze Panes appears directly under the View tab.

• Mac: Freeze Panes appears under the View tab within the Window group.

The functionality remains identical on both systems.

Important Behavior Rules

Frozen rows stay visible only within the active worksheet.
Frozen rows do not print differently.
Frozen rows do not affect formulas, calculations, or sorting.
Frozen rows cannot be partially applied to a row.

Common Mistakes

Selecting the row to freeze instead of the row below causes incorrect results.
Using Freeze Top Row freezes only the first row, regardless of selection.
Attempting to freeze rows while in cell editing mode prevents the command from activating.

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